“The Righteousness of God”

Isaiah 61:8-11

Romans 1:16-17, 3:21-26

October 29, 2006

 

Last week I really enjoyed our dialogue during the sermon.  It was a good reminder that the preaching of the Word is to be a dialogue and not just a monologue, not just a dialogue with each other, but most importantly a dialogue with God.  I also enjoyed the reaction from some of you after the worship service and during the week.  The topic of being born again sure set off a reaction with some of you, but it was meant to set off a reaction.  The question I asked you at the beginning of the sermon was an intentional question, “Are you a born again Christian?”  It was meant to get a reaction.  It was meant to stir something in you.  The very fact that it did stir up something in you means that I am doing what I am called to do.  I hope that this stirring will be the holy nudge that causes you to continue to have a conversation with each other and me about it.  And so today, on this Reformation Sunday, I want to delve more deeply into the theological concept of being born from above in order to gain an even clearer insight into this theological truth.   

As evident from last week, the words “born again” are loaded words.   Unfortunately, these two words have been hijacked by the media, certain special interest groups, and some denominations to the point that they have come to be understood in a very different way that how they should be.  My problem with these two words are not that they loaded words, they are supposed to be loaded words, they are meant to be loaded words, my problem is that their theological meaning has been so distorted in this contemporary religious culture that they have lost their true theological intent.  This is exactly why Nicodemus got tripped up in his conversation with Jesus. 

Nicodemus heard Jesus say the words “gennethe anothen” (Greek words, written in English), to be born from above, and he immediately thought of the natural process of being born again.  These words were loaded words for him, words that he was unable to pick up on them because his theological world-view did not allow him to understand what Jesus was talking about.  Nicodemus theological world-view said, “No, it is not possible to be born from above because I am the one who determines my own righteousness before God.  I am the one who makes myself right before God and gains salvation through my adherence to the law, so therefore Jesus must be talking about being born again from my mother, and that is just not possible.”  But Jesus meant no such thing.  Jesus meant exactly what he said.  “No one can see the kingdom of God without having been born from above.”

          If you think that Nicodemus’ world-view has long since disappeared, I promise you it has not.  Let’s move ahead some 1500 years to the year 1517 in a small town in Germany called Wittenburg where there lived an Augustinian monk named Martin Luther.  In the religious world in which Luther lived as a priest, he was taught that each person was the master of their own salvific destiny, that each person determined his/her own righteousness before God, that each person made himself or herself right before God and gained salvation through the adherence to the law of God and through the rites of confession, penance, Mass, and the sale of indulgence in which a person could “buy” their way out of purgatory.   As long as someone did these things and was faithful and pious enough, then one's sins could be cleansed and he or she could be saved.   But for Luther, the peace he so desperately wanted to have continued to elude him.  Luther knew and believed his sins were far too great to ever make himself righteous before God and gain God’s favor.   

One night, as he sat at his wooden desk in his study, under the light of a candle, he again read Paul’s letter to the Romans.  But this time something different happened when he read these words, the very same words we read as our scripture reading:

“For the righteousness of God is revealed through faith for faith; as it is written, ‘The one who is righteous will live by faith.’”

When Luther read Paul’s words from Romans 1:16 and 17, that the righteousness of God is revealed through faith for faith and that the righteous live by faith, the weight and fear of not knowing whether he was righteous before God and therefore saved lifted from his shoulders.  For Luther, this was a life changing revelation.  For Luther, this was his moment of spiritual rebirth, for he realized that he had indeed been born from above.  He realized for the first time that the righteousness of God meant two different things and that he had only been taught the second one, that God’s righteousness is the means by which God judges sinners. 

But what Luther discovered was that God’s righteousness was more than just an function of God’s work; it was an attribute of God’s self, a quality of God that is given through grace to sinners that makes them righteous before God.  What Luther discovered in reading Romans was that our righteousness, our being made right before God, is none other than the righteousness of God’s self given to us.  And it was this radical new perspective that changed everything for Martin Luther.  He was no longer a man consumed by doubt or his work to make himself right before God, or even his own fear of not being saved.  Through the power of the Holy Spirit he had been set free.  For Luther, no one can make himself or herself right before God, no matter how good or faithful or repentant one is.  The one who makes us right before God is not ourselves; it is God, the righteousness of God revealed in Jesus Christ.   

Let’s move ahead another 500 years to today.  For many people, the idea that one has to be born from above, or born again, in order to be made righteous before God and saved is a shocking theological concept.  It is shocking because we want to be the ones in control of our own salvific destiny.  We want our salvation to be based on what we do, not on what God does.  But Paul reminds us that the question of salvation is not about what, or even when, but about who.  It is God who saves people because God is righteous, and this righteousness has been revealed through the redemption that has been given through the sacrifice of Christ Jesus. 

For Paul, and for Jesus, being born from above is rooted in the character and heart of God’s self, in the righteousness of God.  Not one person, not a single human being, is able to, nor even has the ability to come to Christ unless God draws them.  Before a person is able to see and believe, before that person is even able to come to Christ, his or her heart must be changed.  He or she must be born again, must be born from above, must be born of the Spirit.  Martin Luther came to realize that night in his candlelit study, that regeneration, being born from above, being born again, precedes faith.  We do not believe and have faith so we can be born again, we are born again so that we can believe and have faith.  It is the righteousness of God given to us that gives us the ability to have faith in Jesus Christ.  Only when God regenerates us through the power of the Holy Spirit and makes us alive together with Christ are we then able to make a choice about Him.  It is only then that we believe.  It is only then that we have a faith that saves. 

And what is this saving faith?  It is a faith that trusts completely in the righteousness of God, a faith that trusts completely that we have been made right before God, a faith by which we acknowledge, receive, and respond to what God has already done for us through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.  The righteousness of God is not a threat to our freedom, it is the source of our freedom, it is the good news of the gospel for which we are not ashamed, the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes.  The righteousness of God is God’s gift of grace that is none other than a spiritual rebirth, a spiritual rebirth that changes our faith from a noun to a verb, from something we have to acquire to gain God’s favor, to the way in which we live in the assurance and knowledge and promise that we are already in God’s favor. 

The question I asked you last week may still be lingering in your mind, and you may now wonder, “How then do I know that I have been born from above?”  The answer is simple.  I invite you to turn to page 921 in your pew Bible to Romans 10:9-13. 

9 because if you confess with your lips that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For one believes with the heart and so is justified, and one confesses with the mouth and so is saved. 11 The scripture says, "No one who believes in him will be put to shame." 12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; the same Lord is Lord of all and is generous to all who call on him. 13 For, "Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved."

It is through this spiritual rebirth in being born from above that changes our way of life and re-orients it and centers it on God, that transforms us from not only just hearers of the Word on Sundays, but to doers of the Word everyday, a spiritual rebirth that calls us to service in the church and in the world, that calls us to think about our priorities in life, that calls us to reflect upon what we value most, that calls us to give abundantly, that gives us the courage and the hope to face each new daily challenge, that even stirs us up from time to time to wrestle with God’s word, and that even gives us the ability to confess Jesus is Lord.  

My friends, rejoice in the assurance and the knowledge and promise that you too have been given a spiritual rebirth, that you too have been born from above, set free to live a life in the gift of grace that is the righteousness of God.  Amen.